Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of watery extract of Cumin plant (200 mg/kg B.W.) on some histological changes of the male reproductive system in albino rabbits. Sixteen adult male rabbits weighting about (200-250 g) and 12-15 weeks age were used in the present study and divided into (2) groups, 8 rabbits per group, group1: serve as a control group and given normal diet with drinking water, group2: Given Cumin extract (200 mg/kg B.W.) through oral tubular feeding, the experiment were continued 60 days for all groups. The results of the current study showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in serum testosterone compared with control group . As for ectopic tissue, water extract (200 mg/kg) has resulted in satisfactory tissue changes of the testes . The water extract of Cumin plant acts as an antioxidant through its important role in curbing the harmful effects of some types of free radicals within the body and histological changes and functions of the male reproductive system of rabbits. The results of histological diagnosis of testes in male rabbits that giving cumin for long periods leads to a decrease in the level of testosterone

Abstract: Stress in animals, whether due to environmental, physical, or psychological factors, can lead to significant biochemical changes. These changes are crucial for understanding the physiological responses to stress, as well as for developing strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. This review explores the biochemical markers and pathways affected by stress in animals, the mechanisms underlying these changes, their implications for animal health and welfare, and various strategies for managing stres  

Abstract: The current study included examination of 120 fecal samples of sheep from the slaughter house at Kerbala province and private fields for 6 months (from Oct. 2022 to March 2023 ). The animals suffered from diarrhea .The current study showed the rate of total infection of Giardiasis was (80 of 120 samples). They were examined by smear method and using light microscope trophozoite and cyst phases of parasite. The result showed that the infection 52.5% i sheep from 42 infection the age less than 1year , 47.5% from 38 infection more than 1 year

Abstract: Abstract Background Skin grafting is a closure technique used in dermatology most commonly to close wounds created by the removal of skin damaged. Although currently less favored than flap closures, grafting can produce a good cosmetic result. Aim of study:  The aim of the present study was to investigate the grafting of the skin of albino male rabbits by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and Serratiopeptidase, then compare between their effect on the skin grafting of rabbits. Methodology: 9 rabbits were divided into three groups each group have 3 animals as following Group 1 (G1) as a control (skin grafting without any drug), skin was taken from shoulder to femoral area. Group 2 (G2) the skin graft was taken from the same area in the G1 with using Serratiopeptidase, while the group 3 (G3) the skin graft was taken from the same area in G1 with using NAC. Results : The results have been shown that both of the NAC and Serratiopeptidase good  enhancement effects on the skin graft, and showed better enhancement effects on the hematology, histology and AST parameters. Conclusion : results were show both of NAC and serratopeptidase can be used to enhance the skin graft will cause increase in the hematology, histology and AST levels .

Abstract: The immune system is a complex network of organs containing cells that identify the foreign object in the body. The immune system function is simple yet challenging to eliminate pathogenic agents. Every animal has a rudimentary defensive mechanism against the infections to which they are susceptible. This defense is called innate or natural immunity. No pathogen can infiltrate or attack every organism, even if there are many that have the potential to be harmful. This is because a pathogen can only inflict harm on a susceptible host, and not all species are susceptible to the same pathogens . This review highlights our current understanding of the various immune system components and how they work together to defend the host against pathogens.