الملخص

The ruminant output is significantly hampered by gastrointestinal parasite infection, which can result in production losses and, in extreme situations, even death. Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. are currently regarded in veterinary medicine as significant pathogens in the aetiology of diarrhea in confined calves. The aim of study was to detect the Gastro-intestinal parasites (Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp.) in farm animals and risk factor to transport the infection with effect the infection on Hematological parameter. The aim of study was to detect the Gastro-intestinal parasites (Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp.) in farm animals and risk factor to transport the infection with effect the infection on Hematological parameter.

In this study, 300 blood and fecal samples (100 sheep, 100 goats and 100 cattle) of ages (<1 year and ˃1 year ) and sexes from the Karbala province were collected between August and March. All sampled animals were maintained under an extensive open-field grazing system. Microscopic analyses Protozoa were the parasites that were discovered in the fecal samples of sheep, goats, and cattle during the study period. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 28.66%, or almost 41%. In sheep, 27% of the goats and 18% of the cattle were infected. The study shows a clear dominance of Cryptosporidium spp. over Giardia spp. across all farm animals. For both parasites, the infection rates followed an identical trend: Sheep > Goats > Cattle. Cryptosporidium spp. showed higher infection rates than Giardia spp. across all species. Cryptosporidium spp. the data showed higher infection rates in animals older than one year, the female higher infection rates than male

  The study demonstrates that protozoan parasites significantly compromise the health and hematological status of livestock, with males and older animals showing unexpected prominence in infection rates, necessitating improved environmental management and targeted veterinary intervention.