الملخص

To distinguish different species variations, overall morpho-histochemical traits are compared to those associated with other small carnivores or animal species. for an evaluation of the distribution and ratios of various pituitary cells. Ten healthy adult gray mongooses from the Middle Euphrates region were used in this study. After being collected, the animals were dissected, and the pituitary glands, which weighed between 550 and 600 g, were carefully removed to avoid damaging the tissues. Intramuscular injections of a combination of xylazine and ketamine (0.9 mg/kg and 26 mg/kg, respectively) were administered to the experiment animals.  According to histochemical analyses, the pituitary gland of gray mongooses is shaped like a M and is separated into three regions: pars disalis, pars intermedia, and pars nervosa. Based on their affinity for chromophils (acidophil and basophil) and chromophobes, the two cell types in the adenohypophysis were classified. Acidophils were bigger than chromophobes and basophils. The periphery of the pars distalis contained two types of cells that varied in size and shape, accounting for about 35% of the pars distalis. Basophils were distributed in clusters and were larger and more numerous than acidophils and chromophobes. It comprises 60% of the pars distalis cells, while chromophobes only account for 5% of the total. In accordance to the current study, the pars distalis contained five different types of basophils, which were dispersed in different regions based on hormone secretion. The shape of the gray mongoose's pituitary gland varied, indicating that different wild animals—especially carnivorous ones—have different functional specializations. These discoveries offer basic knowledge about wildlife.