الملخص

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most well-known and widespread disorder in women. The causes of PCOS are multiple and complex, resulting from interactions between diverse environmental and genetic factors. One of the treatments used for PCOS is clomiphene citrate. Clomiphene works by stimulating follicle development, follicle growth and multiplication. It is used to treat PCOS. Clomiphene treatment improves approximately 60-85% of ovulation cycles. This study aimed to determine the physiological and histological effects of clomiphene on female rats with induced polycystic ovary syndrome. This experiment was designed to study the histological and hormonal effects of clomiphene on induced PCOS in female rats. 40 female rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 rats each and treated as follows: Group G1 (control group) was administered physiological saline for 58 days. Group G2: Administered 1% carboxymethyl cellulose for 28 days, followed by saline solution for 30 days. Group G3: Administered letrozole 1 mg/kg of body weight orally administered mixed with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose for 28 days to induce PCOS, followed by saline solution for 30 day. Group G4: Administered letrozole 1 mg/kg orally administered mixed with carboxymethyl cellulose for 28 days to induce PCOS, followed by clomiphene 100 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days.  In the result showed in G3 a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in activin, estrogen, FSH and Progesterone compared to G1and a significant increase (P˂0.05) in LH, testosterone and inhibin compared to G1. The results showed in G4 non-significant difference (P˃0.05) in activin, estrogen, testosterone, inhibin and FSH and also showed a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in LH and Progesterone compared to G1. the histological examination results for the fourth group of ovaries showed an improvement in the ovary tissue, We conclude from this that the clomiphene drug worked to restore hormonal balance and repair ovarian tissue when given to rats with polycystic ovary syndrome.