Abstract
To diagnose the leishmania species prevalent in some regions of the central Iraq Regions of central Iraq for animal breeders, the molecular method (PCR) was used to identify two Species of disease-causing Leishmania parasites. generally, the study showed a 750-base-pair band was associated with 39 patients at a rate (17.3%) Leishmania tropica species., while A 560-base-pair band was recorded in 186 patients at a rate (82.6%) associated with Leishmania major, were infected with Leishmania major type in 9 Regions of for animal breeder in central Iraq. For specific studying samples in Wasit Region, the number of infected samples reached 125 samples for the years 2022-2024, divided into two parts of sample collection. However, the actual infections in the first period from October 2022 to September 2023 reached 73 infections, and the rate of infection in males for animal breeders was higher than in females (47) 64.4%, (26) 35.6%. respectively, while the results were in the second part for proud October 2023 to September 2024 (52) infections distribution by gender, male, female, "28 (53.8%), 24(46.1%) “respectively. During the study period 2022-2024, at a rate of (58.4%) and (41.6%) respectively, in various populated areas in Wasit Region, where (51) cases were recorded at a rate of (40.8%) in Al-Hay District, the highest infection rate, and the lowest infection rate was in the center of Kut city, 5 cases (4%). The results also showed that the incidence of the Species of leishmaniasis infection of Leishmania tropica was less prevalent at 24.8%, divided into 17.6% for males and 7.2% for females for animal breeder, compared with Leishmania major at a rate (75.2 %) The gender ratio is 44%, 31.2% for males and females, respectively for animal breeder. Therefore, this research can be used to determine the species of parasite causing the disease for animal breeders, to reduce the risk and control the disease by preparing the vaccine.