Abstract
Listeria Monocytogenes (LM) can defined as pathogenic bacterium that caused listeriosis, a disease affected both humans and animals, this organism characterized by its ability to live inside host cell and adapt to a wide range environmental condition and lead to sever health problems. Aim of this study to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological impacts of L-carnitine as a protective agent against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). A total of Sixty (60) white albino female mice aged 7- 9 weeks and average weight 25-30grms, were randomly divided into three groups (n=20 each), Group1(G1) considered as Negative control, Group2 (G2) was oral administrated with L-carnitine for 21 days followed by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of LM (0.1 ml of 1.5×108 CFU/ml); and Group3 (G3) was injected with LM alone. Two weeks’ post-infection, when clinical signs of the listeriosis appeared, all animals were anesthetized for blood collection to assess oxidative stress biomarkers: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH). Subsequently, animals were Euthanized, and internal organs (liver and brain) were harvested and preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results of Biochemical analysis revealed a significant different (P<0.05) and elevation in MDA levels in G3 (554.00 ± 13.43) compared to G2 (247.33 ± 8.67) and G1 (229.96 ± 4.89) Conversely, GSH levels were significantly different (P<0.05) that revealed higher in G1 (33.37 ± 2.84), and markedly reduced in G2 (11.81 ± 0.6) and G3 (25.66 ± 1.56) 8). Histopathological findings in G2 showed Milder changes, indicating partial protection by L-carnitine while in G3 revealed severe liver damage, including granulomatous lesions, vacuolar degeneration, inflammatory infiltration, and vascular congestion. Similarly, in brain tissue of G2 showed reduced neuronal injury, minimal inflammation, and better tissue preservation, demonstrating the neuroprotective role of L-carnitine while in G3 exhibited perivascular cuffing, neuronal degeneration, microglial activation, and mild meningitis. In conclusion, the results showed that L carnitine act as anti-oxidant by reduce oxidative damage by (LM) infection, this results appeared by measure the levels of MDA and GSH in the serum of female albino mice and result of histological sections.