Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the histological characteristics of submucosal Brunner glands and their distribution within the wild rat duodenum. Six healthy brown rats were obtained from the Baghdad animal market. Six experimental animals were captured from orchards in the Middle Euphrates region, the experimental animals were put to sleep using xylazine and ketamine. After being cut up, these samples were taken from different parts of the duodenum and kept in 10% formalin. Following standard histological processing procedures, five μm fragments were created and stained with (Hematoxylin & Eosin and AB 2.5 pH) stain in order to identify neutral mucin. The objects under examination were then viewed under a light microscope and photographs were taken. Among the numerous glands seen in wild brown rats were intestinal glands based on mucus. Within the submucosa, the glands were composed of closely spaced acini. These glands were arranged in dense acinar clusters, particularly near the pancreatic duct. The mucous type glands were the most obvious, but the mixed type was also seen adhering inside the duct that leads to the pancreas. Additionally, sections demonstrated how glands extended from the to the (sub-mucosa) and were each exhausted by a solitary excretory conduit. Furthermore, after entering the smooth muscle layer of the muscularis, the individual gland ducts gradually enlarge, exposing the enormous pyramid-shaped cells that make up the glandular components.